Hoʻoholo i ka mea pohihihi o ke kukui quantum ma nā ʻāpana lahilahi

Ke hoʻopili ʻia kahi au i kahi ʻāpana lahilahi o ka tungsten diselenide, hoʻomaka ia e ʻālohilohi i kahi ʻano maʻamau.Ma waho aʻe o ka kukui maʻamau, hiki i nā mea semiconductor ʻē aʻe ke hoʻokuʻu, tungsten diselenide hoʻi e hana i kahi ʻano kūikawā kūikawā o ke kukui quantum mālamalama, i hana ʻia ma nā wahi kikoʻī o ka mea.Loaʻa iā ia he pūʻulu kiʻi kiʻi i hoʻopuka mau ʻia i kēlā me kēia-ʻaʻole i pālua a i ʻole nā ​​pūʻulu.He kūpono kēia hopena anti-bunching no nā hoʻokolohua ma ke kahua o ka ʻike quantum a me quantum cryptography, kahi e koi ʻia ai nā photons hoʻokahi.Eia naʻe, no nā makahiki, he mea pohihihi kēia hoʻokuʻu.

Ua wehewehe mai ka poʻe noiʻi ma TU Vienna i kēia: ʻO ka pilina maʻalahi o nā hemahema atomika hoʻokahi i ka mea a me ke kānana mechanical ke kuleana o kēia hopena kukui quantum.Hōʻike nā hoʻohālikelike kamepiula i ka lawe ʻia ʻana o nā electrons i nā wahi kikoʻī o ka mea, kahi i hopu ʻia ai lākou e kahi kīnā, nalowale ka ikehu a hoʻopuka i kahi photon.Ua paʻi ʻia ka hopena o ka puʻupuʻu māmā quantum ma Physical Review Letters.

ʻEkolu wale nā ​​atoms mānoanoa

ʻO Tungsten diselenide kahi mea ʻelua-dimensional e hana i nā ʻāpana lahilahi loa.ʻO ia mau papa he ʻekolu wale nō papa atomika mānoanoa, me nā ʻātoma tungsten i waenakonu, i hui pū ʻia me nā atom selenium ma lalo a ma luna."Inā hāʻawi ʻia ka ikehu i ka papa, no ka laʻana ma ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka uila uila a i ʻole ma ka hoʻomālamalama ʻana iā ia me ka mālamalama o ka nalu kūpono, hoʻomaka ia e ʻālohilohi," wehewehe ʻo Lukas Linhart mai ka Institute of Theoretical Physics ma TU Vienna."ʻAʻole ia he mea maʻamau, nui nā mea hana i kēlā.Eia nō naʻe, i ka nānā ʻia ʻana o ke kukui i hoʻokuʻu ʻia e ka tungsten diselenide i nā kikoʻī, ma kahi o ke kukui maʻamau ua ʻike ʻia kahi ʻano kukui kūikawā me nā waiwai ʻokoʻa.

ʻO kēia kukui quantum ʻano kūikawā he kiʻi kiʻi o nā lōʻihi hawewe kikoʻī - a hoʻopuka mau ʻia lākou i kēlā me kēia.ʻAʻole hiki ke ʻike ʻia nā kiʻi ʻelua o ka lōʻihi nalu like i ka manawa like."Ke haʻi mai nei kēia iā mākou ʻaʻole hiki ke hana ʻia kēia mau kiʻi paʻi kiʻi i loko o ka mea, akā aia kekahi mau wahi i loko o ka laʻana tungsten diselenide e hoʻopuka i kēia mau kiʻi, kekahi ma hope o kekahi," wehewehe ʻo Professor Florian Libisch, nona ka noiʻi e kālele ana i ʻelua. -nā mea nui.

ʻO ka wehewehe ʻana i kēia hopena e pono ai ka ʻike kikoʻī o ke ʻano o nā electrons i loko o ka mea ma kahi pae kino kuantum.Hiki i nā electrons i ka tungsten diselenide ke noho i nā moku'āina ikehu like ʻole.Inā hoʻololi ka electron mai kahi kūlana o ka ikehu kiʻekiʻe i kahi kūlana o ka ikehu haʻahaʻa, hoʻopuka ʻia kahi photon.Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole ʻae ʻia kēia lele ʻana i ka ikehu haʻahaʻa: Pono ka electron e pili i kekahi mau kānāwai - ka mālama ʻana i ka momentum a me ka momentum angular.

Ma muli o kēia mau kānāwai mālama, pono e noho ma laila kahi electron i loko o ka mokuʻāina kuantum ikaika-koe ke ʻole kekahi mau hemahema o ka mea e ʻae i nā mokuʻāina e hoʻololi."ʻAʻole maikaʻi loa kahi papa tungsten diselenide.Ma kekahi mau wahi, nalo paha hoʻokahi a ʻoi aʻe paha nā atom selenium, "wahi a Lukas Linhart."Hoʻololi kēia i ka ikehu o nā moku'āina electron ma kēia ʻāina."

Eia kekahi, ʻaʻole kūpono ka papa hana.E like me ka pākeʻe e wīwī ke hohola ʻia ma luna o ka uluna, e hohola ka tungsten diselenide ma ka ʻāina i ka wā e hoʻokuʻu ʻia ai ka papa ma luna o nā hale kākoʻo liʻiliʻi.He hopena nō hoʻi kēia mau koʻikoʻi mechanical i nā mokuʻāina ikehu uila.

"He paʻakikī ka pilina o nā hemahema a me nā pilikia kūloko.Eia naʻe, ua lanakila mākou i ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana i nā hopena ʻelua ma ke kamepiula, "wahi a Lukas Linhart."A ua ʻike ʻia ʻo ka hui pū ʻana o kēia mau hopena hiki ke wehewehe i nā hopena māmā ʻē aʻe."

Ma kēlā mau ʻāpana microscopic o ka mea, kahi e ʻike pū ʻia ai nā hemahema a me nā ʻili o ka ʻili, hoʻololi nā pae ikehu o nā electrons mai kahi kūlana kiʻekiʻe a haʻahaʻa a hoʻopuka i kahi photon.ʻAʻole ʻae nā kānāwai o ka quantum physics i ʻelua mau electrons i ke kūlana like i ka manawa like, a no laila, pono nā electrons e hana i kēia kaʻina hana hoʻokahi.ʻO ka hopena, ua hoʻokuʻu ʻia nā kiʻi paʻi i kēlā me kēia, pū kekahi.

I ka manawa like, hiki i ka mechanical distortion o ka mea ke kōkua i ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana i ka nui o nā electrons ma kahi kokoke i ka hemahema i hiki ke loaʻa i kahi electron e hiki ke hele ma hope o ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka mea hope i kona mokuʻāina a hoʻokuʻu i kahi photon.

Hōʻike kēia hopena i ka wehe ʻana o nā mea ultrathin 2-D i nā mea hou loa no ka ʻepekema waiwai.


Ka manawa hoʻouna: Jan-06-2020