ʻO kahi paila o 5900 degere Celsius a me ka paʻakikī e like me ke daimana i hui pū ʻia me ke kalapona: ʻo ka tungsten ka metala kaumaha loa, akā he mau hana koʻikoʻi kona - ʻoi loa i nā microorganism aloha wela.ʻO kahi hui i alakaʻi ʻia e Tetyana Milojevic mai ka Faculty of Chemistry ma ke Kulanui o Vienna e hōʻike ana no ka manawa mua loa i ka launa pū ʻana o ka microbial-tungsten ma ka laulā nanometer.Ma muli o kēia mau ʻike, ʻaʻole wale ka biogeochemistry tungsten, akā hiki ke noiʻi ʻia ke ola o nā microorganism i nā kūlana o waho.Ua ʻike hou ʻia nā hopena ma ka puke pai Frontiers in Microbiology.

Ma ke ʻano he metala paʻakikī a laha ʻole, ʻo tungsten, me kāna mau waiwai kupaianaha a me ka helu hoʻoheheʻe kiʻekiʻe loa o nā metala āpau, he koho kūpono ʻole no kahi ʻōnaehana olaola.He liʻiliʻi wale nā ​​microorganisms, e like me thermophilic archaea a i ʻole cell nucleus-free microorganisms, i hoʻololi i nā kūlana koʻikoʻi o kahi kaiapuni tungsten a loaʻa kahi ala e assimilate ai i ka tungsten.ʻElua mau noiʻi hou e ka biochemist a me ka astrobiologist Tetyana Milojevic mai ke Keʻena Biophysical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry ma ke Kulanui o Vienna, e hoʻomālamalama i ka hiki ke hana o nā microorganisms i loko o kahi kaiapuni i hoʻonui ʻia i ka tungsten a wehewehe i kahi nanoscale tungsten-microbial interface o ka extreme. ʻO Metallosphaera sedula i ulu me nā pūhui tungsten (Nā Kiʻi 1, 2).ʻO ia nō hoʻi kēia microorganism e hoʻāʻo ʻia no ke ola ʻana i ka wā o ka huakaʻi interstellar i nā haʻawina e hiki mai ana ma ke kaiapuni o waho.He mea koʻikoʻi paha ʻo Tungsten i kēia.

Mai ka tungsten polyoxometalates e like me ke ola-ola inorganic frameworks i ka microbial bioprocessing o tungsten ores

E like me ka ferrous sulfide mineral cell, artificial polyoxometalates (POMs) i manaʻo ʻia he ʻano mea ʻole i ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana i nā kaʻina kemika prelife a me ka hōʻike ʻana i nā ʻano "like-ola".Eia nō naʻe, ʻaʻole i ʻōlelo ʻia ka pili o nā POM i nā kaʻina hana ola (e laʻa, ka hanu microbial)."Ke hoʻohana nei i ka laʻana o Metallosphaera sedula, e ulu ana i loko o ka waiʻona wela a hanu ma o ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana metala, ua noiʻi mākou inā hiki i nā ʻōnaehana inorganic paʻakikī e pili ana i nā puʻupuʻu tungsten POM ke hoʻomau i ka ulu ʻana o M. sedula a hoʻoulu i ka hoʻonui a me ka māhele ʻana," wahi a Milojevic.

Ua hiki i nā kānaka ʻepekema ke hōʻike i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā puʻupuʻu POM inorganic i hoʻokumu ʻia i ka tungsten e hiki ai i ka hoʻohui ʻana i nā ʻano heterogeneous tungsten redox i loko o nā cell microbial.Ua hoʻoheheʻe ʻia nā waihona organometallic ma ke kikowaena ma waena o M. sedula a me W-POM a hiki i ka nanometer i ka wā e hui pū ai me ka Austrian Center for Electron Microscopy and Nanoanalysis (FELMI-ZFE, Graz).Hoʻohui kā mākou mau ʻike i ka tungsten-encrusted M. sedula i ka ulu ʻana o nā moʻolelo o nā ʻano microbial biomineralized, i waena o nā archaea ʻaʻole i hōʻike ʻia, "wahi a Milojevic.Ke biotransformation o tungsten mineral scheelite hana e ka loa thermoacidophile M. sedula alakai i ka breakage o ka scheelite hale, ma hope solubilization o tungsten, a me ka tungsten mineralization o microbial cell ili (Figure 3).ʻO ka biogenic tungsten carbide-like nanostructures i wehewehe ʻia i loko o ke aʻo ʻana e hōʻike ana i kahi nanomaterial hiki ke hoʻomau i loaʻa e ka hoʻolālā kōkua microbial-friendly.