ʻO ka hana palaki, ʻike ʻia hoʻi ʻo ka hana paʻi ʻana, he ʻano hana ia e hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ai kahi mea metala a i ʻole nā ​​​​mea hao ma lalo o ka hana a kahi ikaika o waho e loaʻa ai kahi ʻano nui a me ka hana i makemake ʻia.

Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ke kaʻina hana plastic i ka deformation mua a me ka deformation lua, a ʻo ka deformation mua ka blanking.

ʻO ka tungsten, molybdenum a me nā paʻi paʻi no ke kaha kiʻi ʻia e hana ʻia e ka pauka metallurgy method, he ʻano hana maikaʻi ʻole, ʻaʻole pono e hoʻopaʻa ʻia a hoʻopaʻa ʻia, a hiki ke hoʻopili pololei ʻia i ka ʻāpana koho a me ke ʻano o ka lua.No ka arc smelting a me ka electron beam melting ingots me ka coarse grain structure, he mea pono e extrude mua ai ole forge i ka blank e ku i ka ekolu-ala compressive stress state e pale aku i ka hiki mai o ka palaoa palena mawae no ka hana hou.

ʻO ka plasticity o kahi mea ke ʻano o ka deformation o ka mea ma mua o ka haki ʻana.ʻO ka ikaika ka mea hiki ke pale i ka deformation a me ka haki.ʻO ka paʻakikī ka hiki o ka mea ke komo i ka ikehu mai ka deformation plastic i ka haki.ʻO ka Tungsten-molybdenum a me kāna mau ʻāpana he kiʻekiʻe i ka ikaika, akā maikaʻi ʻole ka hiki ke hoʻololi i ka plastik, a ʻaʻole hiki ke pale i ka deformation plastik ma lalo o nā kūlana maʻamau, a hōʻike i ka paʻakikī a me ka brittleness.

1, plastic-brittle hoʻololi wela

Hoʻololi ke ʻano palupalu a me ka paʻakikī o ka mea me ka wela.He maʻemaʻe ia i loko o kahi ʻano wela hoʻololi i ka plastic-brittle transition range (DBTT), ʻo ia hoʻi, hiki ke hoʻololi ʻia ma lalo o ke koʻikoʻi kiʻekiʻe ma luna o kēia pae wela, e hōʻike ana i ka paʻakikī maikaʻi.Hiki i nā ʻano like ʻole o ka haʻihaʻi haʻihaʻi i ka wā o ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ka deformation ma lalo o kēia pae wela.Loaʻa nā metala ʻokoʻa i nā mahana hoʻololi plastic-brittle, ʻo ka tungsten ma kahi o 400 ° C, a ʻo ka molybdenum kahi kokoke i ke ana wela.ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe o ka plastic-brittle transition temperature kahi ʻano koʻikoʻi o ka brittleness material.ʻO nā mea e pili ana i ka DBTT nā mea e pili ana i ka haʻihaʻi.ʻO nā mea e hoʻoikaika i ka palupalu o nā mea e hoʻonui ai i ka DBTT.ʻO nā hana e hōʻemi i ka DBTT e lanakila i ka brittleness a me ka hoʻonui.ʻO nā ana kūpaʻa.

ʻO nā mea e pili ana i ka plastic-brittle transition temperature o ka mea, ʻo ia ka maʻemaʻe, ka nui o ka palaoa, ka deformation o ka deformation, ke kūlana koʻikoʻi a me nā mea alloying o ka mea.

2, haʻahaʻa wela (a lumi lumi) recrystallization brittleness

ʻO nā mea ʻenehana tungsten a me ka molybdenum i loko o ka moku'āina recrystallized e hōʻike ana i nā ʻano mīkini ʻokoʻa loa mai ka ʻoihana maʻemaʻe cubic copper a me nā mea alumini ma ka lumi wela.ʻO ka recrystallized a me ka annealed copper a me nā mea alumini e hana i ka equiaxed recrystallized grain structure, nona ka maikaʻi o ka lumi wela e hoʻomaʻamaʻa i ka plasticity a hiki ke hana ʻia i loko o kahi mea ma ka lumi wela, a ʻo ka tungsten a me ka molybdenum e hōʻike i ka brittleness koʻikoʻi i ka lumi wela ma hope o ka recrystallization.Hiki ke hana maʻalahi nā ʻano haʻihaʻi like ʻole i ka wā e hana ai a hoʻohana ʻia.