Gulu la asayansi ochokera ku NUST MISIS adapanga zida za ceramic zomwe zimasungunuka kwambiri pakati pa zinthu zomwe zimadziwika pano.Chifukwa cha kuphatikizika kwapadera kwa thupi, makina ndi matenthedwe, zinthuzo zikulonjeza kuti zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pazigawo zodzaza ndi kutentha kwambiri za ndege, monga ma mphuno, ma injini a jeti ndi m'mphepete lakuthwa lakutsogolo la mapiko omwe akugwira ntchito kutentha pamwamba pa 2000 ° C. Zotsatira zimasindikizidwa mu Ceramics International.

Mabungwe ambiri otsogola (NASA, ESA, komanso mabungwe aku Japan,Chinandi India) akupanga mwachangu ndege za m'mlengalenga zomwe zingagwiritsidwenso ntchito, zomwe zidzachepetsa kwambiri mtengo woperekera anthu ndi katundu ku orbit, komanso kuchepetsa nthawi yodutsa pakati pa ndege.

“Pakadali pano, zotsatira zazikulu zapezeka pakupanga zida zotere.Mwachitsanzo, kuchepetsa utali wozungulira wa mbali zakuthwa zakutsogolo kwa mapikowo kufika masentimita angapo kumabweretsa kuwonjezeka kwakukulu kwa kukweza ndi kuyendetsa bwino, komanso kuchepetsa kukoka kwa mpweya.Komabe, potuluka mumlengalenga ndikulowanso, pamwamba pa mapiko a mlengalenga, kutentha kwa pafupifupi 2000 ° C kumatha kuwonedwa, kufika madigiri 4000 m'mphepete mwake.Choncho, pankhani ya ndege zoterezi, pali funso lokhudzana ndi kulengedwa ndi chitukuko cha zipangizo zatsopano zomwe zingagwire ntchito kutentha kwambiri, "anatero Dmitry Moskovskikh, mkulu wa NUST MISIS Center for Constructional Ceramic Materials.

Pazochitika zaposachedwapa, cholinga cha asayansi chinali kupanga zinthu zomwe zimakhala ndi malo osungunuka kwambiri komanso makina apamwamba kwambiri.The triple hafnium-carbon-nitrogen system, hafnium carbonitride (Hf-CN), idasankhidwa, monga asayansi ochokera ku Brown University (US) adaneneratu kale kuti hafnium carbonitride idzakhala ndi matenthedwe apamwamba komanso kukana kutsekemera kwa okosijeni, komanso kusungunuka kwapamwamba kwambiri. mfundo pakati pa mankhwala onse odziwika (pafupifupi madigiri 4200 C).

Pogwiritsa ntchito njira yodzipangira yokha kutentha kwapamwamba, asayansi a NUSTMISIS adapeza HfC0.5N0.35, (hafnium carbonitride) pafupi ndi zolemba zamaganizo, ndi kuuma kwakukulu kwa 21.3 GPa, yomwe ndi yapamwamba kwambiri kuposa zipangizo zatsopano zolonjeza, monga ZrB2/SiC (20.9 GPa) ndi HfB2/SiC/TaSi2 (18.1 GPa).

"N'zovuta kuyeza malo osungunuka a chinthu pamene ukupitirira madigiri 4000 С.Chifukwa chake, tidaganiza zofananiza kutentha kosungunuka kwapawiri kopangidwa ndi katswiri woyambirira, hafnium carbide.Kuti tichite izi, tidayika zitsanzo za HFC ndi HfCN zopanikizidwa pa mbale ya graphite yooneka ngati dumbbell, ndikuphimba pamwamba ndi mbale yofanana kuti tipewe kutentha kwa kutentha, "akutero Veronika Buinevich, NUST MISIS wophunzira pambuyo pa maphunziro.

Kenako, anachilumikiza ndi batire pogwiritsa ntchitoma electrodes a molybdenum.Mayesero onse anachitidwa mozamavacuum.Popeza mtanda wa mbale za graphite umasiyana, kutentha kwakukulu kunafikira mu gawo lopapatiza kwambiri.Zotsatira za kutentha panthawi imodzi ya zinthu zatsopano, carbonitride, ndi hafnium carbide, zasonyeza kuti carbonitride ili ndi malo osungunuka kwambiri kuposa hafnium carbide.

Komabe, pakadali pano, malo osungunuka azinthu zatsopano ali pamwamba pa madigiri 4000 C, ndipo sakanatha kudziwitsidwa bwino mu labotale.M'tsogolomu, gululi likukonzekera kuyesa kuyesa kutentha kwa kutentha ndi kutentha kwakukulu kwa pyrometry pogwiritsa ntchito laser kapena kukana magetsi.Akukonzekeranso kuti aphunzire momwe hafnium carbonitride yomwe imachokera mu hypersonic mikhalidwe, yomwe idzakhala yofunikira kuti igwiritsidwe ntchito pamakampani opanga ndege.