Tungsten inonyanya kukodzera semidziyo yezvikamu zvakasimbiswa zvakanyanya zvemudziyo wakavharira inopisa fusion plasma, iri iyo simbi ine yakanyanya kunyungudika.Zvisinei, kuipa kwayo, kushata kwayo, uko pasi pekunetseka kunoita kuti iite zinyekenyeke uye ive nyore kukuvara.Iri bhuku, rakawedzera kusimba musanganiswa zvinhu zvino rakagadzirwa naMax Planck Institute yePlasma Fizikisi (IPP) kuGarching.Iyo ine homogeneous tungsten ine coated tungsten waya dzakaiswa.Ongororo yezvinogoneka ichangobva kuratidza kukosha kwekomboni itsva.

Chinangwa chetsvakiridzo yakaitwa paIPP kugadzira gwenya remagetsi iro, sezuva, rinowana simba kubva mukusanganiswa kweatomic nuclei.Mafuta anoshandiswa ndeye low-density hydrogen plasma.Kubatidza moto wekusanganisa plasma inofanirwa kuvharirwa muminda yemagineti uye inopisa kusvika pakupisa kwakanyanya.Mukati me100 miriyoni madhigirii anowanikwa.Tungsten isimbi inovimbisa zvakanyanya sezvinhu zvezvikamu zvinosangana zvakananga neiyo inopisa plasma.Izvi zvakaratidzwa nekuongorora kwakadzama paIPP.Dambudziko kusvika parizvino risati ragadziriswa, zvakadaro, kwave kuri brittleness yezvinhu: Tungsten inorasikirwa nekuoma kwayo pasi pemamiriro ekugadzira magetsi.Kushushikana kwepanzvimbo - kushushikana, kutambanudza kana kudzvanywa - hakugone kubviswa nezvinhu zvishoma zvinopa nzira.Mitswe inoumba panzvimbo: Zvikamu saka zvinobata zvakanyanya kune kuwandisa kwenzvimbo.

Ndosaka IPP yakatsvaga zvimiro zvinokwanisa kugovera kusawirirana kwenzvimbo.Fibre-reinforced ceramics akashanda semhando: Semuyenzaniso, brittle silicon carbide inogadzirwa kashanu kusimba kana yakasimbiswa nesilicon carbide fiber.Mushure mezvidzidzo zvishoma zvekutanga IPP musayendisiti Johann Riesch aifanira kuongorora kana kurapwa kwakafanana kuchigona kushanda netungsten simbi.

Danho rokutanga raiva rokubudisa mashoko matsva.Tungsten matrix yaifanirwa kusimbiswa neshinda refu yakavharwa yaisanganisira extruded tungsten waya yakatetepa sebvudzi.Iwaya, pakutanga akagadzirirwa semafilamendi anopenya emarabhu, uko aipihwa naOsram GmbH.Zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zvekuzviputira zvakaongororwa paIPP, kusanganisira erbium oxide.Idzo tungsten fibers dzakanyatsovharwa dzakabva dzabatanidzwa pamwe chete, pamwe chete kana kuti dzakarukwa.Kuzadza mikaha pakati pewaya ne tungsten Johann Riesch nevamwe vaaishanda navo vakabva vagadzira hurongwa hutsva pamwe chete neChirungu indasitiri mubatsiri Archer Technicoat Ltd. Nepo tungsten workpieces kazhinji akatsikirirwa pamwe chete kubva simbi poda pakupisa kwepamusoro uye kumanikidzwa, zvimwe zvakawanda. nzira yakapfava yekugadzira komboni yakawanikwa: Iyo tungsten inoiswa pawaya kubva mumusanganiswa une gasi nekuisa kemikari patembiricha iri pakati nepakati.Aka kakanga kari kekutanga kuti tungsten-fibre-reinforced tungsten ibudiswe, nemhedzisiro yaidiwa: Kuomarara kwekutsemuka kwekomboni itsva kwakange kwatopetwa katatu maererano nefibreless tungsten mushure mebvunzo dzekutanga.

Danho rechipiri raive rekuferefeta kuti izvi zvinoshanda sei: Chinhu chakakosha chakaratidza kuve kuti mafiber bhiriji anotsemuka mumatrix uye anogona kugovera simba rinoshanda munharaunda mune izvo.Pano kupindirana pakati pefibers uye tungsten matrix, kune rumwe rutivi, inofanira kuva isina simba zvakakwana kuti ipe nzira kana kuputika kuchiita uye, pane imwe, kuva yakasimba zvakakwana kuendesa simba pakati pefibers uye matrix.Mukupeta bvunzo izvi zvinogona kucherechedzwa zvakananga kuburikidza neX-ray microtomography.Izvi zvakaratidza kushanda kwekutanga kwezvinyorwa.

Sarudzo yekubatsira kwechinyorwa, zvisinei, ndechekuti iyo yakakwidziridzwa kuoma kunochengetwa kana ichinge yaiswa.Johann Riesch akaongorora izvi nekuferefeta masampuli akange akaputirwa nekutanga kurapwa kwekupisa.Kana masampula akaiswa pasi pemakroskopu erekitironi, kutambanudza nekukotamisa zvakare mune iyi nyaya yakagadziridzwa zvinhu: Kana iyo matrix ikatadza kana yakatsikiswa, mafiibhi anokwanisa kubhuroka kutsemuka kuri kuitika nekudzimisa.

Nheyo dzekunzwisisa uye kugadzira zvinyorwa zvitsva zvinogadziriswa.Masamples ave kuzogadzirwa pasi pemaitiro akagadziridzwa maitiro uye ane optimized interfaces, ichi chiri chinhu chinodiwa pakugadzirwa kwakakura.Izvo zvinyorwa zvitsva zvinogona zvakare kufarira kunze kwemunda wekutsvagisa fusion.